California State Military
DepartmentCalifornia State Military
Department
The Battle of La Mesa occurred on January 9, 1847 in present-day
Vernon, the day after the more-decisive Battle
of Rio San Gabriel. At La Mesa, the outgunned and outnumbered
Californios were quickly defeated by a force commanded by Commodore
Robert F. Stockton. Stockton's force was largely on foot, but
had rifles, while the Californios fought on horseback with only
lances. The Californios fell back and camped at present-day Pasadena,
giving up Los Angeles to Stockton.
This battle was the last armed resistance to American domination of California and General Flores fled back to Mexico. The issue of California was settled with the signing of the Treaty of Cahuenga by Lieutenant-Colonel (later Major General) John C. Frémont and General Andres Pico on January 13, 1847.
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